Ogni volta che esce un nuovo rapporto sull’intelligenza artificiale, mi interessa meno quale modello abbia scalato le classifiche e più che cosa sia effettivamente cambiato. L’AI Index 2026 di Stanford offre alcune risposte utili. Non è certo una celebrazione della…
Oggi, mentre preparavo una lezione universitaria sulla raccolta delle informazioni nelle reti digitali, mi è capitato un piccolo episodio con ChatGPT che mi ha fatto riflettere sul modo in cui l’intelligenza artificiale interpreta le informazioni, soprattutto quando riguardano la sicurezza…
Ogni volta che esce un nuovo rapporto sull’intelligenza artificiale, mi interessa meno scoprire quale modello sia arrivato primo in classifica e più capire che cosa sia cambiato davvero. Il nuovo AI Index 2026 di Stanford offre qualche risposta. Non è un documento…
Quando si parla di intelligenza artificiale e giornalismo, ci si chiede spesso se un sistema automatico possa scrivere un articolo al posto di un giornalista. Nell’università la domanda è simile: potrà produrre saggi, preparare lezioni o contribuire alla ricerca? Sono…
“I have the impression that, even if we handed political decision-makers today the newspaper from next year, many of them would not know what to do with it.” The remark is deliberately paradoxical, but it captures a real problem: the…
Il 1° dicembre 2025 l’Assemblea generale delle Nazioni Unite ha adottato la risoluzione 80/23 sui «Possible risks of the integration of artificial intelligence into command, control and communications systems of nuclear weapons». Il titolo delimita con precisione il problema: l’integrazione…
Cyber operations have become an increasingly important dimension of international security. They may disrupt critical infrastructure, interfere with public institutions, compromise classified information or affect essential services without crossing a territorial border in the traditional sense. For the European Union,…
The document does not treat security as a self-contained policy field. Instead, security functions as a cross-cutting category connecting defence, borders, critical infrastructure, energy, democratic resilience, artificial intelligence, enlargement and economic policy. 1. European security and defence The clearest passage…
The central lesson from de Volkskrant’s investigation into Dutch intelligence before Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine is not simply that the AIVD and MIVD “missed” the invasion. It is more troubling than that: they had many of the relevant indicators, but…
Germany’s New Defence-Oriented Counter-Intelligence Code The 2026 reform of the Militärischer Abschirmdienst (MAD), the German Military Counter-Intelligence Service, is not a merely technical amendment. It constitutes a comprehensive re-legislation of German military counter-intelligence law and represents one of the most significant transformations…
Germany is entering a decisive phase in the reform of its intelligence law. The debate is no longer limited to technical adjustments after constitutional litigation. It now concerns the future institutional role of the federal intelligence services, especially the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND),…
Europe 2031 is one of the most stimulating contributions to the current debate on artificial intelligence, technological sovereignty, and Europe’s place in a rapidly changing geopolitical order. Written as a fictional scenario rather than a conventional policy report, it succeeds…
What will still matter when intelligence becomes cheap? This is the central question at the heart of the forthcoming volume Messy Jobs by Luis Garicano, Jin Li, and Yanhui Wu. Much of the debate on artificial intelligence is framed around a simple…
Innovation is not the same thing as invention. Invention produces novelty; innovation transforms novelty into value. That transformation depends on an ecosystem: capital able to finance uncertainty, markets large enough to reward scale, institutions fast enough to enable experimentation, and…
A vocabulary used loosely In contemporary legal and political debate, five expressions are made to carry a great deal of weight and are frequently treated as interchangeable: national interest, national security, essential (or fundamental) security interests of the State, public…
ABSTRACT Strategic analysis keeps failing (Kabul, Kyiv, the late recognition that artillery and industrial capacity would decide the war) not because individuals err but because analytical systems don’t learn. Three interlocking failures explain it. Empirical: the field keeps no score. It rewards visibility…
Arturo Artom’s La nuova intelligenza argues that we are living through a deep transformation in the way intelligence, work, education, and personal identity function. I chose to discuss it here because the questions it raises touch directly on what I see changing…
Governor Fabio Panetta’s “Concluding Remarks,” delivered on 29 May 2026, paint a picture of a surprisingly resilient global economy shaken by a new energy shock — and point to artificial intelligence as the decisive battleground for Italy’s future. Every year,…
Federico Fubini’s article on Donald Trump’s economic interventionism captures a crucial shift in contemporary capitalism. The phrase “a socialist in the White House” is rhetorically effective, but analytically imprecise — and getting the analysis right matters more than the rhetoric.…
For years, screening foreign investments for security risks was something EU Member States could do but were not required to do. That has now changed. The European Parliament has approved a reform that makes screening mandatory in sensitive sectors —…
The Decree of the President of the Council of Ministers of 22 April 2026 establishes the implementing regulation for Article 7-bis, paragraph 5, of Decree-Law No. 174 of 30 October 2015, concerning the management of crisis situations involving aspects of national security.…
Debate over Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act is often framed too vaguely — and this imprecision, in my view, obscures where the real constitutional problem lies. The standard defense is familiar: the provision authorizes the collection of…
Una delle sfide persistenti nello studio della sicurezza internazionale è capire come funzioni realmente l’architettura antiterrorismo delle Nazioni Unite — non in teoria, ma nella rete sovrapposta, talvolta ridondante, di organismi che si è sviluppata dal 2001. Le Nazioni Unite…
Panoramica: La trasformazione del sistema di intelligence tedesco nel 2025 è probabilmente uno dei cambiamenti istituzionali più significativi nella governance della sicurezza europea dalla fine della Guerra Fredda. L’anno 2025 ha portato cambiamenti significativi alla comunità di intelligence della Germania, guidati…
Il sistema dei Relatori Speciali delle Nazioni Unite regge o cade sulla credibilità. Questi mandati non hanno potere coercitivo, nessun apparato di applicazione e nessun mandato democratico proprio. La loro autorità dipende quasi interamente dal metodo, dalla misura e dalla…
Secondo il Rapporto del 18 dicembre 2025, la Commissione per la sicurezza e la difesa del Parlamento europeo mette sul tavolo una proposizione netta: l’Europa sta entrando in un’epoca in cui i droni non sono una “capacità”, i droni sono…
